zlatan
Registered User
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Physico-chemical Analysis
particle-size distrbution was determined after the dissolution of CaCO3
whit 2N HC1, and decomposition of organic matter whit 30% H2O2.
After repeated washing for removal of salts, the soils were dispersed
by using sodium hexametaphosphate.The sand silt and clay fraction
were separated by sedimentation and determined by pipette method (13).
Mineralogical analysis
The removal of chemical cementhing agents and separation of the different
fractions were done according to the methods of Kittrick and Hope (22),
and Jackson (19), but whit some modifications.The carbonates were removed
using 1N sodium acetate buffered to pH 4.2. The addition of 1N sodium acetate
was continued until no effervescence was observed whit 1N HCI (19).
The reaction was performed in a water bath at 75-80C.The organic matter
was oxidized by treating the carbonate-free soils whit 30% H2O2, and
digestion in a water bath.This treatment also dissolved Mno2 (19).
Free iron oxides were removed from samples by citrate dithionate method
(26).The iron-free samples wrere studied whit X-ray diffraction
using Ni filtered CuKa radiation (40kV and 40mA), a range factor of
400CPS and a time constant of s.X-ray diffractograms were obtained
from Mg-saturated samples clays both before and after glycerol solvation.
Potassium-saturated samples were X-rayed after drying at room tempreature
and after heating at 550C for 2 hours. Electron micrograph of citrate-
dithionite trated clays aere obtained whit a philips SM300 electron
microscope following the techniques of Bates(6).
The electron micrographs and 1.5 A peak of the X-ray diffraclograms
were used for semi-quantitative determination of palgorskite (1).
Four randomly selected 35000X photographs (8 by 8cm) were used whit
a transparent 5-mm grid to estimate the palygorskite content of each
sample by point counting.Since no feldspars were observed in the clay
fraction,the percentage of illite were estimated from the total K2O
content of the clay (19).
Vermiculite in the clay fraction was determined quantitatively by the
method of Alexiades and Jackson (4). Quantification of other minerals
such as smectite, chlorite and quartz were estimated from their
relative peak intersities using the glycerol treated samples (20).
particle-size distrbution was determined after the dissolution of CaCO3
whit 2N HC1, and decomposition of organic matter whit 30% H2O2.
After repeated washing for removal of salts, the soils were dispersed
by using sodium hexametaphosphate.The sand silt and clay fraction
were separated by sedimentation and determined by pipette method (13).
Mineralogical analysis
The removal of chemical cementhing agents and separation of the different
fractions were done according to the methods of Kittrick and Hope (22),
and Jackson (19), but whit some modifications.The carbonates were removed
using 1N sodium acetate buffered to pH 4.2. The addition of 1N sodium acetate
was continued until no effervescence was observed whit 1N HCI (19).
The reaction was performed in a water bath at 75-80C.The organic matter
was oxidized by treating the carbonate-free soils whit 30% H2O2, and
digestion in a water bath.This treatment also dissolved Mno2 (19).
Free iron oxides were removed from samples by citrate dithionate method
(26).The iron-free samples wrere studied whit X-ray diffraction
using Ni filtered CuKa radiation (40kV and 40mA), a range factor of
400CPS and a time constant of s.X-ray diffractograms were obtained
from Mg-saturated samples clays both before and after glycerol solvation.
Potassium-saturated samples were X-rayed after drying at room tempreature
and after heating at 550C for 2 hours. Electron micrograph of citrate-
dithionite trated clays aere obtained whit a philips SM300 electron
microscope following the techniques of Bates(6).
The electron micrographs and 1.5 A peak of the X-ray diffraclograms
were used for semi-quantitative determination of palgorskite (1).
Four randomly selected 35000X photographs (8 by 8cm) were used whit
a transparent 5-mm grid to estimate the palygorskite content of each
sample by point counting.Since no feldspars were observed in the clay
fraction,the percentage of illite were estimated from the total K2O
content of the clay (19).
Vermiculite in the clay fraction was determined quantitatively by the
method of Alexiades and Jackson (4). Quantification of other minerals
such as smectite, chlorite and quartz were estimated from their
relative peak intersities using the glycerol treated samples (20).
